Title of the Project: - Conversion the Brain Waves Into Digital Data (brain wave management device)

Title of the Project: - Conversion the Brain Waves Into Digital Data (brain wave management device)

Preface

When we think about any thing brain waves are created automatically. H/w receives the waves & s/w converts the brain waves into digital data with the help of neuro-linguistic programming(N.L.P) and design human engineering

The complete assessment of mind behavior it’s all around extents and even conscious sub-conscious too through person’s own brain waves can be done. The action of waves is done with the help of N.L.P. “Wisdom pose” (Gyan Mudra) is according to the “Indian yoga” and “Chinese acupressure “. The wisdom pose helps in improvement of mind ability .This is clear and direct combination between mind and forms of wave. This shows the real status of mentality, approaching tendencies and formation of new criteria regarding conditions and conditional objects.

Theoretically by N.L.P. infinite tendencies could be predicted but on practical ground it has reached up to 110-120 tendencies so far. By means of N.L.P., any type of mental behavior and its perception could be seen easily along with co-relation and interaction among traits with their resultant too. Due to having such type of amazing property, all type of mental disorders could be identified in very easy way because the affecting factors are also be seen in proper manner with their shape and criteria what ever going on in mind. What ever going to be done by means of perception in any condition and with respect of any factor their would be merit & demerit .Both can easily be traced out through N.L.P. Merit may go for more improvement to get more and more benefit. Demerits how ever may go for proper and “natural” destruction without any side effect. The brain waves remedies are just natural so that following them is very joyful and completely fruitful without any harm.

A wealth of information is available in our upanishads and yoga literature. Patanjali’s yoga sutra and its interpretation by many authors contain a wealth of information on brain, consciousness, altered states, etc. The westerners of course use EEG to map out brain frequencies. While westerners talk of 3 brain states (conscious states), in India we talk of five.

Need in the Project: -Neuro-Linguistic Programming (N.L.P) and design human engineering, bio signal processing, signal analysis & filtering

Benefits: - Knowing what is on the mind will help in enormous ways. Such as

1. Avoiding more than 75% terrorism related operations plans,

2. More interactive education plans

3. Instantaneous Medical decision etc.

4. exploring human black box.

5.Auto-automation-DEVICE

Members: - Doctors specialized in psycholinguistics, phonetics, N.L.P. master practitioner, trainer & neural network and highly interested in this project can be members of this project.

Aims and Objectives of the Project: -

Delegates attending this course will:

Be given a brief introduction to the origins and history of N.L.P.

Become familiar with information filters or ‘meta types’.

Learn to recognize ‘meta programmers’ and how to use them positively in the classroom.

Understand how the brain creates an inner mental map of the world.

Notice and respond to students’ preferred language patterns.

Choose the most effective and influential words to gain the optimum response.

Customize their language for individual pupils, to increase motivation and win hearts and minds.

Utilize a more, multi-sensory approach to teaching.

Know how to adopt ‘associated and dissociated’ perspectives when dealing with challenging behavior, low self esteem and anger issues.

Gain an increased awareness of how ‘proactive or reactive’ meta-types differ in their response to approval and motivation.

Appreciate how ‘internal and external’ meta-types, respond to praise and rewards, and need different incentive strategies.

Gain a deeper appreciation of how ‘towards and away’ meta-types - (traditionally 'the carrot or stick' approach) – make up our most fundamental motivation traits.

Learn about other significant brain filters such as: ‘options or procedures’ and ‘sameness or difference.’

Broad area of the project: - N.L.P. stands for neuro linguistic programming.

This acronym reminds us of the fact that our mind and body are interconnected and that we are responsible for the models of the world we create.

N.L.P. has been successfully applied in different fields such as sales, business, medicine, mental health, law, sports and so on. We believe good teachers and good learning are the answer to many issues in the world we want to live in. Highly prepared teachers, skilful in communication techniques, with very clear beliefs and values, and who have very specific goals to make this world a better place to live in be at the most important leverage point in the quest for positive change.

Many N.L.P. proponents state that N.L.P. is not theory-oriented, and bundler states that he does not "do theory". instead, the stated goals of N.L.P. are to model effective patterns "in the field", to learn what someone is actually doing in practice (internally and externally) that works, and how they do it, rather than deriving behaviors from a theory or obtaining their motivations for doing them. However, N.L.P. proponents do make hypotheses and propose armchair theories. For example

N.L.P. assumes that all human behavior is neurological, and all human behavior is based on the 5 senses, rather than attitudes, reason, emotions, mind, morals or ego

Scope and limitations: - if seeing brain waves the nature and personality get reformed like wise brain waves get changed, the nature will get changed definitely. On this base any person may cheek himself regarding reformation to see changing his own brain waves. This is why N.L.P. is very simple and most powerful method of mental reformation. Look of mind and look of brain waves along with their all combinations.

Additional areas of study include

• Cultural sensitivity

• Nutrition and the brain

• Human relationships

• Personality types

How your brain develops: - most people believe that our brains are fully developed at birth or within only a few years after birth. They think that most of our brain development is just "stuffing" knowledge into it. That is very incorrect! Our brains don't stop developing until after we are about 25 years old.

What is required for your brain to develop correctly and fully? It needs the right kind of stimulation at the right age.

We know from brain wave studies, that brain activity is greatly reduced while watching typical TV programs, even “exciting” ones. While watching TV, stimulating activity of the type required for brain development does not take place!

We know that children of about age eight have twice as many brain cells and twice as many connections between brain cells as do adults. After age 8, the brains of children begin to reduce the number of brain cells and the number of interconnections between brain cells. And this is really awesome! - - - - it is reorganizing itself. It is rewiring itself!

After age 8, proper brain stimulation is still required for proper brain growth. The stimulation actually causes the proper circuits to develop! Without the correct stimulation, the brain's development is incomplete.

We know that there is another spurt in brain growth peaking around 11 or 12 years of age.

Then in your teen years, your brain is rewiring the prefrontal cortex (teacher: write this term on the board!). This is the area that does complicated brain functions required to do many adult tasks. Five main functions being developed are listed below.

They are all adult brain functions.

• Organize information

• Make plans

• Make judgments

• Follow through

• Solve problems

What can you do? Here are eight things.

• Limit your TV viewing.

• Limit your computer game playing.

• Make things.

• Write stories, poetry, other writing.

• Make music or sing.

• Plan projects.

• Volunteer work,

• Solve puzzles, etc.

In other words, do things!

I care about you. I want you to be the best you can be!

Use your brain!

Existing-status (of such kind of work) Secondary-data collection: - the prefrontal cortex is removing circuits that are not used. A "use it or loose it" force seems to be at work. (Repeat! a use it or loose it “force.) If you ignore a kind of brain use, those circuits will die out, and you will not be good at it.

On the other hand, if you do something a lot, your brain will rewire itself to become good at it.

The young person's actions and inaction are sculpting his own brain! And that is the same as determining his future abilities!

As a teen it is your prefrontal brain cortex that is changing to be able to do adult activities. If you don't practice these skills during your teens, your brain won't develop as well as it could. You won't become mentally fully adult! To most people the signs are not obvious, but i often see them in adults.

It is my belief that watching too much TV and too many videotapes is not good. Many computer games are not good, except to improve eye-hand coordination. (Note: eye-hand coordination is usually not a problem with children or adults.) Watching kids play video games, they usually use simple trial and error. That is not problem solving. It does not involve problem solving brain activity. Remember that while you are practicing eye-hand coordination in a computer game, you are not practicing skills you will need as an adult! All educators i have talked to believe the same as i do.

It is sad for me to say this, but it is likely that much of the schoolwork you do is not fully exercising your brain either! There is very often not enough real problem-solving in school. I don't consider the typical drilling to learn things like math as stimulating. It is not really problem solving or creative! You need a wide variety of mental activities. You need to do a variety of things - creative things - all on your own!

Do you choose to go through life with a brain that is not fully developed? (Hands?) You don't? You need to use your brain as it was intended to be used! Remember, "Use it or loose it!"

Problem identification: - We speak of the superconscious in spiritualism and that is supposed to be the deepest part of the mind. It is called the emptiness, soonyata (in Sanskrit), the creative space, the origin, etc. It would be useful if some of the meditation students who are able to reach this state are analyzed and the relationship between the conscious, sub-conscious and superconscious minds at that deep state are assessed. If you want to do basic research, you should get hold of yoga students from a reputed yoga centre and assess their EEG after they do different meditation techniques. You will then be surprised.

i am interested in telepathy.& while reading on a book on Veda’s i find that ancient rhushi's used this method to understand science behind the things around them.so, i want to study -- "is this possible ?". So, i hope this project can be helpfull for me. Read brain waves (by EEG i guess, if not than tel mi how), transform it into digital data & what do you want to do with this? Want you to create some sounds synchronizing brain waves

Primary data collection: - Method based study” have been done on 457 brain waves samples, which were studied during last 1-3 years separately. During getting these samples the mentality of sample giving person was matched by asking them, studied the N.L.P.-test report analyzed by other N.L.P. the project paper is included normal tendencies and abnormal tendencies. Under the normal considered tendencies i observed that all humanity comes and rest of 5 out of 10 psycho abnormal tendencies cover some exceptions. Many of samples have been considered more than one times because more than one tendency is interpreted by a single sample. All the considered tendencies were tried to explain up to their access as deep as possible to make more and more possibilities for N.L.P.-therapy.

i do not only hope but i believe it would definitely give new highs to N.L.P. , new view to psychology and would be more and more helpful in human welfare.

Research methodology – quantitative, qualitative:-

As brain really doesn't radiate anything at all, but the pattern of electrical signals in brain changes and could be monitored using a strong magnet like MRI or could be monitored using very sensitive electrical detector mounted very close to head.

• Brain wave differ from person to person the areas of brain might not Change but the partern do change.

• Brain works on electrical impulses and the charge is so small that you can’t actually see the function other than using strong magnats like one in MRI.

• American airforce is working on something similar and they have managed to train the computer to accept x-y access, which required more training on? Pilot side rather than programmer side (as brain wave doesn’t match).

• Never 2 times same nurons are stimulated, always different nurons get Stimulated, thus paterns are always different. But there is a way to do this

• You could train the pc for each single person that means there would be lot of security, because no one could think what this other person was thinking.

• Like to move them cursor up all the people might think up but up could bring Different things in different peoples mind and not only that even if they Think of the same thing it might means something different so there is no Way to copy that patern.

Communication with the unconscious mind: - the research on the results of hypnosis in general, and ericksonian hypnosis in particular amounts to many volumes. N.L.P. practitioners have contributed to that research, as for example in the study done by Lynn timpany (of transformations N.L.P. consultants’ ltd, New Zealand) into the use of a one session hypnosis treatment for morning sickness and anxiety in 12 women who were pregnant. Of those 12 women, two had sleeping problems which disappeared as a result of the session, five of the eight who were vomiting noticed a significant improvement, and two went from being nauseous virtually 100% of the time to feeling ill less than 20% of the time.

Timpany, l., "a study of the effectiveness of single session N.L.P. treatment for pregnancy treatment" in anchor point, June 1996, p18-19

The literature about hypnosis documents some remarkable successes with its use in a variety of fields. As a reference, see: crasilneck, h.b. and hall, J.A., clinical hypnosis: principles and applications, allyn and bacon, Boston, 1985

Studies show that hypnosis can over-ride what would have been considered "incurable congenital conditions". for example, the British medical journal in 1952 published a study of a 16 year old boy with congenital ichthyosis erythroderma, whose skin was covered in a horny layer which weeped fluid at the joints. In a week following hypnosis, small areas of the body were clear, and the results spread to the rest of the body over the second week. (Above text, p376).

In one of the clearest demonstrations of the ability to communicate with a person's (literally) unconscious mind, d. cheek induced 3000 fully anaesthetised patients to produce hand movements as signals for "yes" and "no", obviously without their conscious knowledge.

Cheek, d., "awareness of meaningful sounds under general anaesthesia." in theoretical and clinical aspects of hypnosis, symposium specialists, 1981

Process

Common techniques and practices

• Meta model

• Representational systems

• Perceptual positions

• Dilts' neurological levels of learning

• swish

• Visual / kinesthetic dissociation

• Submodality modification

• The map is not the territory

• Life and 'mind' are systemic processes

• N.L.P. and education

• Cosmetic effect claims

• Occult and new age practices

Clients include:

• National association of social workers

• The small business development center

• Northern Arizona university

• Arizona occupational therapy association

• Indian health services

• Community health representatives

• North country community health center

Areas of expertise include:

• Educational kinesiology

• applied kinesiology

• Neuro-linguistic programming

• Compassionate communication

• Sensory integration

• Brain organization profiles

• Whole-brain reading

• The physiology of brain gym®

• training the trainer

Primary outcome Custom-designed, skill oriented workshops focus on:-

• Education: learning profiles; reading: physiology, function and the future; the three dimensional brain; brain gym® for the classroom; brain gym® for maximum brain function

• Communication: loving communication; creating effective communication; unconscious communication

• handling emotions: managing anger; impulse control; handling confrontation

• Relationships: create and maintain priceless relationships; family and group dynamics; make it work; communication for couples

Testing & validation imaging the living brain:-

Imaging the brain with x-rays depicts structures with large differences in absorbency of radiation.

Conventional radiography: a broad beam of x-rays passed through skull toward a film. Lightness inversely related to absorbance (then takes negative). 2-d representation of a 3-d object. Cannot distinguish between gray matter and white matter, can only show fractures and tumors involving bones, high spatial resolution (0.05 mm).

Pneumoencephalography: air absorbs little radiation, for imaging ventricular system, a small amount of CSF replaced with air, painful and dangerous, rarely used now.

Angiography: information on cerebral vasculature, patient receives IV injection of radio-opaque material, invasive and may cause neurological complications, high spatial resolution

• The ability to change the process by which we experience reality is often more valuable than changing the content of our experience of reality.

• The meaning of the communication is the response you get.

• All distinctions human beings are able to make concerning our environment and our behavior can be usefully represented through the five senses.

• The resources an individual needs in order to effect a change are already within them.

• The map is not the territory. In other words reality is our subjective perception after it is processed through our filters.

• The positive worth of the individual is held constant, while the value and appropriateness of internal and/or external behavior is questioned.

• There is a positive intention motivating every behavior, and a context in which every behavior has value.

• Feedback vs. failure - all results and behaviors are achievements because of what we can learn from them, whether they are desired outcomes for a given task/context, or not.

Final statement / final outcome

Project modality

Functional system > h/w implementation > mathematical model > analysis algo brain > bio neuro data > measurement technology

Brain module > task analysis > module > data transformation

Data analysis:-

• abnormal traits and their Brain waves interpretation

• Abnormal traits and their N.L.P.

• about the research

• activeness according to thinking:-

• affecting other/affected by other

• affection with fame and money

• affection with social activities

• affection with reality:-

• affirmation on own decision-

• alternate brands

• ambition -

• amount of compromise of new places

• applications

• attitude-

• background

• background and applications

• brain lateralization

• classicality:-

• common techniques and practices

• conclusion

• conclusion

• confidence

• co-relation and interaction among traits and tendencies

• criminal or violent trait

• criticism

• cult characteristics

• definition of terms considered terms

• definition of terms considered terms

• dependence of specific work on its specific condition-

• dependence upon negative bases

• depressions

• determination power-

• developers

• dicteter ship

• dreaming tendency-

• ego

• ethical concerns

• expactios:-

• expected hopes:-

• external links

• eye accessing cues, body cues, and N.L.P. representational systems

• false claims to science

• feeling as a powerful of powerless

• feeling of fear -

• feeling of pressure

• feeling of self- commodity-

• feeling of self superior

• fonders about person or condition specified

• formation of own natural theories

• foundational assumptions

• fundamentals

• god and luck

• hasten tendency-

• hearing tendency to other:-

• How does N.L.P. work?

• imagination of pleasure and danger

• immediate impact of topic on mentality

• in suicidal cases

• interval between changes in condition

• introvart and extrovart tendency

• it’s accuracy

• kindness

• level of sensitivity

• logic power

• Meaning of "neuro" in N.L.P.

• memory power -

• mental development

• meta-model and Milton model

• need of rational assistant

• new age

• new age and occult applications

• N.L.P. "therapy"

• N.L.P. and theory

• N.L.P. interpretation of tendencies

• N.L.P. modeling

• N.L.P. models

• notes and references

• number of friends and process of making them

• obsessive compulsive

• obstinacy -

• optimist and passimist

• patience –

• perplection between work & its aim or target-

• point of view about society

• preface

• prejudice

• presuppositions

• process of coming new ideas

• producing tendency

• pseudoscience

• psychological approaches

• questionable applications

• rational exchange

• rehabilitation process

• relativity against customs-

• remake or re-establishment of relations after break-

• Scientific analysis of N.L.P.

• self accommodation and self-pressure tendency

• self freedom & will

• solubility on new places

• straight fordness

• style of working-

• sympathy seeking tendency

• tendence of contemplation:-

• tendency of apprension

• tendency of complete utilizing present-

• tendency of conceeding hardships-

• tendency of consenting & self accommodation

• tendency of doing trust

• tendency of feeling experiences -

• tendency of getting revenge

• tendency of getting satisfaction -

• tendency of imitation

• tendency of imposing his own thoughts on othes

• tendency of interfering

• tendency of living in soltary

• tendency of meeting with others

• tendency of self extension

• tendency of self-presentation as the best-

• tendency of solution seeking of any problem

• tendency of studiousness

• tendency of traditionalism

• tendency to act changed in thoughts

• tendency to get astonished at

• tendency to keep himself happy -

• the affection with peaceor calm-

• the b.a.g.e.l. model

• the colours

• the concept

• the condition

• the confusion

• the consistancy

• the curiosity on reference-

• the enterrising tendency

• the factor

• the foregoing conditions

• the function:-

• the ideal

• the language

• the mental opponency:-

• The N.L.P.

• the opportunities

• the over reactions

• the perception

• the person

• the punctuality-

• the spirituality-

• the suicide mentality

• the system

• thoughtfulness/emotionalism-

• trait of confidentiality

• utilisation of things & theories -

• varying concepts

• work against will

Conclusion

Well there is no limit of any study on any subject or topic. Every subject and topic has unlimited possibilities to study. My project work on N.L.P. is one possibility is unlimited and vast area. In this project i have done my best efforts to define more and more through very simple method. The main purpose of any study is that to make easy to get understood in its most easy definition due to which, that subject could be more and more benefited or fruitful for human being. At very time the real and deep study is possible of any form of nature when maximum number of point of view to see that form is added and more stages and forms could be developed. It sounds me that this a method of study by means of we can reach up to maximum extent of the subject. In this project work i tried to use this method on N.L.P.

• Formation of exception is weakness of any theory more exception means there will be much more week, unnatural and limited theory. So that, in any study i tried to give more and more extension through which the human traits could be seen their real and natural form. To ado me positive and fruit able traits to get better personality. I feel that this method would be more appropriate. Along with this it could be possible to diagnose the extension of negative, and harmless traits in its early stages where for those could be eradicated easily by gradual making weak, changing in forms of its factors to convert in another trade (may be ever new for person).

• to assure the accuracy of change its necessary that point of view the traits would be general where fore those can be got in real form as maximum as possible. It’s a just like that when any sculpture is made of any one. For making more real, much more photographs are taken from several angles. More various angles photographs will yield more accurate and real sculpture. If the sculpture is considered as a trait or tendency then photographs will be various factors by means of which traits go for co-relation among them. So it’s also necessary to define factors more and more. I gave mind on it on priority in my project work on N.L.P. Even though about 7-8 traits are left of which i could get any one character. I hope those will also be sufficient to see the human mind.

• Even though the limits (maximum and minimum both) are about to determine but the determination of stages was quite difficult for me. So, i didn’t quote such type of any comment or include such type of any subjects in my project work. in fact there was privation of resources to study well, i found during project work that tendencies are more prompt to get co-related in their both (maximum and minimum yielding stages) with each other. Along with it this phenomenon to be made reason of disorder. Such stage of co-relation is given a term “the tract-transition stage” by me. It seems to me that it need more deep project work. By means of which information about possible traits which to be got into the co-relation and along with it after establishment of co-relation the disorder, to be made could be private strongly before time. If it could be possible then definitely we could succeed to prevent society from common and serious disorder.

• Every person has his own natural stage for tendencies. The natural stage of person makes specific criteria for various forms of tendencies on natural stage of person to determine criteria for tendencies, the co-relation between physiology of body and fundamental trait play very important role. So at a time to trace out the exact position stage of person, it is necessary to complete study of person behavior and traits also. On concept of exact relationship the study of complete personality as well personality is done easily. The level of activeness of traits affects directly to the relation-ship. This is why i emphasized on co-relation and relationship among traits and tendencies along with their factors in my project and mentioned. Actually as i found in case of mentality suicide that for a strong negative output gradually all tendencies lose their individuality and at their minimum strength or intensity they get started to co-relate with that negativity and get into the interaction. the reason behind it that generally factors become lesser, due to it the system of tendencies become very weak and at last some basic factors in high intensity remain which form the “trait – transition stage”. The after weak tendencies come into their “extreme-expectation”. This extreme expectation of tendencies makes reason of disorder well, the stage of depression also has such phenomenon but up to some lesser extent.

• The disorders due to “trait transition stage” at maximum activeness are found in obsessive –compulsive, hyper sexuality – nymphomania and criminal or violent mentalities. All the tendencies get into co-relation among them at their maximum activeness for extreme positive output. After becoming such event out-put starts to make its own factors, then system is formed. After sometimes the output starts to make factors for all traits and also acts as a big factor. I call this phenomenon”extrimity of co-relation among traits”. After such co-relation a highly intense image is made which is highly attractive and active up to its extreme. Due to its activeness all the tendencies loose their natural ethos.

• The traits and tendencies which have established in human mind as system, i tried to define them as maximum as possible by means of this project paper. I tried to see the tendencies as they are. Even though i think this not an ultimate study on N.L.P. but also done effort to make it about to complete study. well for goodness of human being there is need to do more and more project on N.L.P. not only i hope but its my believe that this project paper would be quite helpful to understand and define deeply the human traits as well as remade naturally. This way in making of good society my unique project shall contribute strongly.

RESEARCH HELPS IN RESEARCH

17ß-estradiol attenuates hippocampal neuronal loss and cognitive dysfunction induced by chronic restraint stress in ovariectomized rats

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Zincergic innervation of the forebrain distinguishes epilepsy-prone from epilepsy-resistant rat strains

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Unilateral cochlear ablation before hearing onset disrupts the maintenance of dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus projection patterns in the rat inferior colliculus

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Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of dopamine neurons and subchronic l-DOPA administration in the adult rat alters the ex-pression of the vesicular GABA transporter in different subsets of striatal neurons and in the substantia nigra, pars reticulata

Unbalanced synaptic inhibition can create intensity-tuned auditory cortex neurons

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Tracing sequential waves of rapid visuomotor activation in lateralized readiness potentials

Tinnitus behavior and hearing function correlate with the reciprocal ex-pression patterns of BDNF and Arg3.1/arc in auditory neurons following acoustic trauma

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Thiamine deficiency induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurons

The select action of hippocampal calcium calmodulin protein kinase II in mediating exercise-enhanced cognitive function

The role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in CNS disease

The role of different subregions of the basolateral amygdala in cue-induced reinstatem ent and extinction of food-seeking behavior

The relation between spike-timing dependent plasticity and Ca2+ dynamics in the hippocampal CA1 network

The parkinsonian neurotoxin rotenone activates calpain and caspase-3 leading to motoneuron degeneration in spinal cord of Lewis rats

The origin of the skewed amplitude distribution of spontaneous excitatory junction potentials in poorly coupled smooth muscle cells

The neural correlates and role of D1 dopamine receptors in renewal of extinguished alcohol-seeking

The local loop of the saccadic system closes downstream of the superior colliculus

The laterodorsal tegmentum contributes to behavioral sensitization to amphetamine

The influence of group III metabotropic glutamate receptor stimulation by (1S,3R,4S)-1-aminocyclo-pentane-1,3,4-tricarboxylic acid on the parkinsonian-like akinesia and striatal proenkephalin and prodynorphin mRNA ex-pression in rats

The function of intersegmental connections in determining temporal characteristics of the spinal cord rhythmic output

The extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway is involved in the modulation of morphine-induced reward by mPer1

The effects of co-administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”) or para-methoxyamphetamine and moclobemide at elevated ambient temperatures on striatal 5-HT, body temperature and behavior in rats

The critical role of voltage-dependent calcium channel in axonal repair following mechanical trauma

The case for 8,5'-cyclopurine-2'-deoxynucleosides as endogenous DNA lesions that cause neurodegeneration in xeroderma pigmentosum

The cannabinoid receptor agonist, WIN 55,212-2, inhibits cool-specific lamina I medullary dorsal horn neurons

The actin binding domain of ACF7 binds directly to the tetratricopeptide repeat domains of rapsyn

The absence of endogenous ß-endorphin selectively blocks phosphorylation and desensitization of mu opioid receptors following partial sciatic nerve ligation

Temporal profile of subventricular zone progenitor cell migration following quinolinic acid–induced striatal cell loss

Temporal ontogeny of circuit activation prior to the onset of seizure susceptibility in EL/Suz mice

Temporal mRNA profiles of inflammatory mediators in the murine 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine model of Parkinson’s disease

Temporal modeling demonstrates preserved overlearning processes in schizophrenia: An fMRI study

Temporal facilitation of gaze in the presence of postural reactions triggered by sudden surface perturbations

Tau overex-pression in transgenic mice induces glycogen synthase kinase 3ß and ß-catenin phosphorylation

Task specific influences of Parkinson?s disease on the striato-thalamo-cortical and cerebello-thalamo-cortical motor circuitries

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Systematically generated antibodies against human gene products: High throughput screening on sections from the rat nervous system

Synaptic vesicle pools at diaphragm neuromuscular junctions vary with motoneuron soma, not axon terminal, inactivity

Subcellular localization of the glutamate transporters GLAST and GLT at the neuromuscular junction in rodents

Status epilepticus alters zolpidem sensitivity of [3H]flunitrazepam binding in the developing rat brain

ß-Amyloid pathology in the entorhinal cortex of rats induces memory deficits: Implications for Alzheimer?s disease

ß2-adrenoceptor-mediated facilitation of glutamatergic transmission in rat ventromedial hypothalamic neurons

Spatial performance in a complex maze is associated with persistent long-term potentiation enhancement in mouse hippocampal slices at early training stages

Spatial organization and dynamic properties of neurotransmitter release sites in the enteric nervous system

Spatial anisotropy in the encoding of three-dimensional passive limb position by the spinocerebellum

Sonic hedgehog from the basal plate and the zona limitans intrathalamica exhibits differential activity on diencephalic molecular regionalization and nuclear structure

Somatostatinergic modulation of firing pattern and calcium-activated potassium currents in medium spiny neostriatal neurons

Small interfering RNA-mediated selective knockdown of NaV1.8 tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel reverses mechanical allodynia in neuropathic rats

Sleep fragmentation elevates behavioral, electrographic and neurochemical measures of sleepiness

Single unit and population responses during inhibitory gating of striatal activity in freely moving rats

Sex-related differences in NMDA-evoked rat masseter muscle afferent discharge result from estrogen-mediated modulation of peripheral NMDA receptor activity

Sex differences in opioid-mediated pain inhibitory mechanisms during the interphase in the formalin test

Severity of alcohol-induced painful peripheral neuropathy in female rats: Role of estrogen and protein kinase (A and Ce)

Serotonin2C receptor localization in GABA neurons of the rat medial prefrontal cortex: Implications for understanding the neurobiology of addiction

Sensory neuron and substance P involvement in symptoms of a zymosan-induced rat model of acute bowel inflammation

Selective learning and memory impairments in mice deficient for polysialylated NCAM in adulthood

Selective disarrangement of the rostral telencephalic cholinergic system in heterozygous reeler mice

Selective anterograde tracing of the individual serotonergic and nonserotonergic components of the dorsal raphe nucleus projection to the vestibular nuclei

Selective activation of 5-HT2C receptors stimulates GABA-ergic function in the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata: A combined in vivo electrophysiological and neurochemical study

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Running wheel exercise enhances recovery from nigrostriatal dopamine injury without inducing neuroprotection

Roles of different subtypes of opioid receptors in mediating the ventrolateral orbital cortex opioid-induced inhibition of mirror-neuropathic pain in the rat

Role of tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) in a mouse model of neonatal white matter lesions: Interaction with plasmin inhibitors and anti-inflammatory drugs

Role of the medial prefrontal cortex in cardiovascular responses to acute restraint in rats

Role of the anterior cingulate and medial orbitofrontal cortex in processing drug cues in cocaine addiction

Role of reactive oxygen species in modulation of Nrf2 following ischemic reperfusion injury

Role of peripheral hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-modulated channel pacemaker channels in acute and chronic pain models in the rat

Role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 ex-pression in the in vitro susceptibility of rat nerve cell to unconjugated bilirubin

Role of glutathione in neuroprotective effects of mood stabilizing drugs lithium and valproate

Role of DNA repair

Role of acetylcholine transmission in nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area in heroin-seeking induced by conditioned cues

Retinoic acids acting through retinoid receptors protect hippocampal neurons from oxygen-glucose deprivation-mediated cell death by inhibition of c-jun-N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase

Responding to DNA double strand breaks in the nervous system

Resistance to morphine analgesic tolerance in rats with deleted transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1-expressing sensory neurons

Repair of methyl lesions in DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation

Reorganization of receptive fields following hearing loss in inferior colliculus neurons

Renewal of an extinguished instrumental response: Neural correlates and the role of D1 dopamine receptors

Relationships between locomotor activation and alterations in brain temperature during selective blockade and stimulation of dopamine transmission

Reinforcing effects of morphine are reduced in tissue plasminogen activator-knockout mice

Regulation of neuronal pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide ex-pression during culture of guinea-pig cardiac ganglia

Regulation of neurite growth in immortalized mouse hypothalamic neurons and rat hippocampal primary cultures by teneurin C-terminal-associated peptide-1

Regulation of glycinergic and GABAergic synaptogenesis by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in developing spinal neurons

Reduced basal and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated adenosine A1 receptor ex-pression in the brain of nuclear factor-?B p50-/- mice

Red wine antioxidants protect hippocampal neurons against ethanol-induced damage: A biochemical, morphological and behavioral study

Rapid neuroadaptation in the nucleus accumbens and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis mediates suppression of operant responding during withdrawal from acute opioid dependence

Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation selectively impairs recall of fear extinction in hippocampus-independent tasks in rats

Raloxifene acutely reduces glutamate-induced intracellular calcium increase in cultured rat cortical neurons via inhibition of high-voltage-activated calcium current

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Putrescine as an important source of GABA in the postnatal rat subventricular zone

Purinergic actions on neurons that modulate nociception in the rostral ventromedial medulla

Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision

Prostaglandin E2 depresses solitary tract-mediated synaptic transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarius

Progesterone and its derivatives are neuroprotective agents in experimental diabetic neuropathy: A multimodal analysis

Preventive effects of intrathecal methylprednisolone administration on spinal cord ischemia in rats: The role of excitatory amino acid metabolizing systems

Presynaptic modulation of 5-HT release in the rat septal region

Prenatal cocaine exposure enhances responsivity of locus coeruleus norepinephrine neurons: Role of autoreceptors

Predominant surface distribution of neurokinin-3 receptors in non-dopaminergic dendrites in the rat substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area

Potential roles for hyaluronan and CD44 in kainic acid-induced mossy fiber sprouting in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures

Postsynaptic enrichment of Eps8 at dendritic shaft synapses of unipolar brush cells in rat cerebellum

Postnatal upregulation of a4 and a3 nicotinic receptor subunits in the brain of a7 nicotinic receptor-deficient mice

Postnatal development of cannabinoid receptor type 1 ex-pression in rodent somatosensory cortex

Postnatal alterations in dopaminergic markers in the human prefrontal cortex

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide directly modulates the activity of proopiomelanocortin neurons in the rat arcuate nucleus

Phosphorylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase at Ser847 in the nucleus intermediolateralis after spinal cord injury in mice

Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related protein kinase is required for rapid facilitation of heat-induced currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons

Phenotypic characterization of spatial cognition and social behavior in mice with ?knockout? of the schizophrenia risk gene neuregulin 1

Pharmacological and molecular characterization of ATP-sensitive K conductances in CART and NPY/AgRP expressing neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus

Peripheral metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 mediates mechanical hypersensitivity in craniofacial muscle via protein kinase C dependent mechanisms

P2X7-related modulation of pathological nociception in rats

P2 purinoceptor antagonists inhibit the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxation of the human colon in vitro

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Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases

Oxidative stress and dopamine depletion in an intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson’s disease

Oxidative damage of 14-3-3 zeta and gamma isoforms in Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Overex-pression of amyloid precursor protein reduces epsilon protein kinase C levels

Orbitofrontal cortex lesions disrupt risk assessment in a novel serial decision-making task for rats

Optical mapping of spatiotemporal emergence of functional synaptic connections in the embryonic chick olfactory pathway

Opposing effects of intra-nucleus accumbens mu and kappa opioid agonists on sensory specific satiety

Opioid modulation of reflex versus operant responses following stress in the rat

Opiate withdrawal modifies synaptic plasticity in subicular–nucleus accumbens pathway in vivo

On the use of retrograde tracers for identification of axon collaterals with multiple fluorescent retrograde tracers

On the participation of hippocampal PKC in acquisition, consolidation and reconsolidation of spatial memory

On the participation of hippocampal p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in extinction and reacquisition of inhibitory avoidance memory

Occipital artery injections of 5-HT may directly activate the cell bodies of vagal and glossopharyngeal afferent cell bodies in the rat

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Nucleus accumbens opioids regulate flavor-based preferences in food consumption

Nucleus accumbens opioid signaling conditions short-term flavor preferences

Non-synaptic dendritic spines in neocortex

Nociception increases during opioid infusion in opioid receptor triple knock-out mice

Nociceptin/orphanin FQ decreases serotonin efflux in the rat brain but in contrast to a ?-opioid has no antagonistic effect on µ-opioid-induced increases in serotonin efflux

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonistic property of the selective dopamine uptake inhibitor, GBR-12909 in rat hippocampal slices

Neurotrophin-3 administration alters neurotrophin, neurotrophin receptor and nestin mRNA ex-pression in rat dorsal root ganglia following axotomy

Neurotrophic modulation of myelinated cutaneous innervation and mechanical sensory loss in diabetic mice

Neurotransmitter receptors in the life and death of oligodendrocytes

Neurotoxicity mechanisms of thioether ecstasy metabolites

Neurotoxic lesions of the caudate-putamen on a reaching for food task in the rat: Acute sensorimotor neglect and chronic qualitative motor impairment follow lateral lesions and improved success follows medial lesions

Neurosteroid modulation of allopregnanolone and GABA effect on the GABA-A receptor

Neuroprotective potential of ceftriaxone in in vitro models of stroke

Neuronal localization of 5-HT type 2A receptor immunoreactivity in the rat basolateral amygdala

Neuronal ex-pression of P2X3 purinoceptors in the rat retina

Neuronal activity in the primary visual cortex of the cat freely viewing natural images

Neuron number decreases in the rat ventral, but not dorsal, medial prefrontal cortex between adolescence and adulthood

Neural plasticity maintained high by activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: An age-independent, general mechanism in cat striate cortex

Neural correlates of auditory feedback control in human

Network model of fear extinction and renewal functional pathways

Nestin ex-pression in Müller glial cells in postnatal rat retina and its upregulation following optic nerve transection

N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor ex-pression during adult neurogenesis in the rat dentate gyrus

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Mutation of superoxide dismutase elevates reactive species: Comparison of nitration and oxidation of proteins in different brain regions of transgenic mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype ex-pression in avian vestibular hair cells, nerve terminals and ganglion cells

Multiple inhibitory pathways for lipopolysaccharide- and pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced nitric oxide production in cultured astrocytes

Motor planning of arm movements is direction-dependent in the gravity field

Morphology and physiology of lamina I neurons of the caudal part of the trigeminal nucleus

Morphological signs of apoptosis in axotomized ganglion cells of the rabbit retina

Morphine preferentially activates the periaqueductal gray?rostral ventromedial medullary pathway in the male rat: A potential mechanism for sex differences in antinociception

Modulation of respiratory activity by locomotion in lampreys

Modulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation by slow increases in ethanol concentration

Modulation of acid-sensing ion channels by Cu2+ in cultured hypothalamic neurons of the rat

Mitochondrial DNA repair: A critical player in the response of cells of the CNS to genotoxic insults

Microtubule-associated targets in chlorpyrifos oxon hippocampal neurotoxicity

Microglia and macrophages express tumor necrosis factor receptor p75 following middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice

Microbial genome dynamics in CNS pathogenesis

Methylphenidate regulates activity regulated cytoskeletal associated but not brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene ex-pression in the developing rat striatum

Memantine reduces oxidative damage and enhances long-term recognition memory in aged rats

Mecamylamine blocks nicotine-induced enhancement of the P20 auditory event–related potential and evoked gamma

Maternal immune activation during pregnancy increases limbic GABAA receptor immunoreactivity in the adult offspring: Implications for schizophrenia

Maternal deprivation and early handling affect density of calcium binding protein-containing neurons in selected brain regions and emotional behavior in periadolescent rats

Mapping 5-HT inputs to enteric neurons of the guinea-pig small intestine

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L-type calcium channel blockade modifies anesthetic actions on aged hippocampal neurons

Long-term memory consolidation depends on proteasome activity in the crab Chasmagnathus

Localization of the pannexin1 protein at postsynaptic sites in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus

Localization and glucocorticoid regulation of 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 mRNA in the male mouse forebrain

Licensing regulators Geminin and Cdt1 identify progenitor cells of the mouse CNS in a specific phase of the cell cycle

Learned helplessness is independent of levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus

Laser microdissection and microarray analysis of the hippocampus of Ras-GRF1 knockout mice reveals gene ex-pression changes affecting signal transduction pathways related to memory and learning

Lack of topographic specificity in nerve fiber regeneration of rat forelimb mixed nerves

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Kir6.2-containing ATP-sensitive potassium channels protect cortical neurons from ischemic/anoxic injury in vitro and in vivo

Kindling increases aversion to saccharin in taste aversion learning

Ketones inhibit mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species production following glutamate excitotoxicity by increasing NADH oxidation

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Isolation rearing and hyperlocomotion are associated with reduced immediate early gene ex-pression levels in the medial prefrontal cortex

Is lactate food for neurons? Comparison of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes in brain and muscle

Involvement of prostaglandin E2 derived from enteric glial cells in the action of bradykinin in cultured rat myenteric neurons

Involvement of Na+–Ca2+ exchanger on metabotropic glutamate receptor 1-mediated [Ca2+]i transients in rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons

Intrathecal administration of ATP produces long-lasting allodynia in rats: Differential mechanisms in the phase of the induction and maintenance

Intrastriatal dopamine D1 antagonism dampens neural plasticity in response to motor cortex lesion

Intracerebral co-transplantation of liposomal tacrolimus improves xenograft survival and reduces graft rejection in the hemiparkinsonian rat

Interleukin-6 is a candidate molecule that transmits inflammatory information to the CNS

Integrins regulate opioid receptor signaling in trigeminal ganglion neurons

Innate immune receptor ex-pression in normal brain aging

Inhibition of neurosteroid synthesis increases asphyxia-induced brain injury in the late gestation fetal sheep

Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases is neuroprotective in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced apoptosis in neurons

Influence of sex and estrous cycle on the effects of acute tryptophan depletion induced by a gelatin-based mixture in adult Wistar rats

Influence of peripheral nerve injury on response properties of locus coeruleus neurons and coeruleospinal antinociception in the rat

Induction and selective accumulation of mutant ubiquitin in CA1 pyramidal neurons after transient global ischemia

Increase in transforming growth factor-ß in the brain during infection is related to fever, not depression of spontaneous motor activity

In vivo brain-derived neurotrophic factor release and tyrosine kinase B receptor ex-pression in the supraoptic nucleus after osmotic stress stimulus in rats

Improved survival of young donor age dopamine grafts in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

Impaired vertical postural control and proprioceptive integration deficits in Parkinson’s disease

Immunohistochemical ex-pression and colocalization of somatostatin, carboxypeptidase-E and prohormone convertases 1 and 2 in rat brain

Immunohistochemical analysis of acid-sensing ion channel 2 ex-pression in rat dorsal root ganglion and effects of axotomy

Identification of an immune-responsive mesolimbocortical serotonergic system: Potential role in regulation of emotional behavior

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Hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal modifications consequent to chronic stress exposure in an experimental model of depression in rats

Hypobaric hypoxia-induced dendritic atrophy of hippocampal neurons is associated with cognitive impairment in adult rats

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment attenuated the decrease in regional glucose metabolism of rats subjected to focal cerebral ischemia: A high resolution positron emission tomography study

Human embryonic stem cells: Long term stability, absence of senescence and a potential cell source for neural replacement

Histochemical evidence for wide ex-pression of the metalloendopeptidase nardilysin in human brain neurons

Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced in mature compared to young male rats but not in female rats

Hippocalcin protects hippocampal neurons against excitotoxin damage by enhancing calcium extrusion

High potassium-induced facilitation of glycine release from presynaptic terminals on mechanically dissociated rat spinal dorsal horn neurons in the absence of extracellular calcium

High ambient temperature increases 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”)-induced Fos ex-pression in a region-specific manner

Heterogeneity of glutamatergic and GABAergic release machinery in cerebral cortex

Hemispheric differences in protein kinase C ßII levels in the rat amygdala: Baseline asymmetry and lateralized changes associated with cue and context in a classical fear conditioning paradigm

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Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors reduce excitatory but not inhibitory neurotransmission in rat barrel cortex in vivo

Glycine receptors are functionally expressed on bullfrog retinal cone photoreceptors

Glutamatergic innervation of the hypothalamic median eminence and posterior pituitary of the rat

Glutamate stimulates glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome system to regulate surface ex-pression of GluR2

Glucocorticoid modulation of atrial natriuretic peptide, oxytocin, vasopressin and Fos ex-pression in response to osmotic, angiotensinergic and cholinergic Glutamate receptor abnormalities in the YAC128 transgenic mouse model of Huntington?s disease

Global changes in the hippocampal proteome following exposure to an enriched environment

Glial-restricted precursors: Patterns of ex-pression of opioid receptors and relationship to human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat and morphine susceptibility in vitro

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor–mediated enteric neuronal survival involves glycogen synthase kinase-3ß phosphorylation and coupling with 14-3-3

Genome instability and DNA repair in brain, ageing and neurological disease

Genome instability and DNA damage accumulation in gene-targeted mice

Genome dynamics and transcriptional deregulation in aging

Genistein inhibits glutamate-induced apoptotic processes in primary neuronal cell cultures: An involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and estrogen receptor/glycogen synthase kinase-3ß intracellular signaling pathway

Generation and long-term persistence of new neurons in the adult zebrafish brain: A quantitative analysis

Ganglioside 9-O-acetyl GD3 ex-pression is upregulated in the regenerating peripheral nerve

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Further characterization of a rat model of varicella zoster virus–associated pain: Relationship between mechanical hypersensitivity and anxiety-related behavior, and the influence of analgesic drugs

Functional reduction in µ-opioidergic system in the spinal cord under a neuropathic pain-like state following chronic ethanol consumption in the rat

Functional recovery in rats with ischemic paraplegia after spinal grafting of human spinal stem cells

From basic science to clinical disease

Fos and glutamate AMPA receptor subunit coex-pression associated with cue-elicited cocaine-seeking behavior in abstinent rats

FOREFRONT REVIEW

Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice induces hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase in microglia and macrophages

Fluctuation of synapse density in the arcuate nucleus during the estrous cycle

Fewer driver synapses in higher order than in first order thalamic relays

Fermented papaya preparation attenuates ß-amyloid precursor protein: ß-amyloid–mediated copper neurotoxicity in ß-amyloid precursor protein and ß-amyloid precursor protein Swedish mutation overexpressing SH-SY5Y cells

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Extensive nuclear localization of a-synuclein in normal rat brain neurons revealed by a novel monoclonal antibody

ex-pression pattern of voltage-dependent calcium channel subunits in hippocampal inhibitory neurons in mice

ex-pression of the vesicular glutamate transporters-1 and -2 in adult mouse dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord and their regulation by nerve injury

ex-pression of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor NR1 splice variants and NR2 subunit subtypes in the rat colon

ex-pression of somatostatin receptor subtype 5 in rat retinal amacrine cells

ex-pression of L-type calcium channel a1-1.2 and a1-1.3 subunits on rat sacral motoneurons following chronic spinal cord injury

ex-pression of glutamate carboxypeptidase II in human brain

ex-pression of G protein ß subunits in rat skeletal muscle after nerve injury: Implication in the regulation of neuregulin signaling

ex-pression of fibroblast growth factor-2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after uncontrollable or controllable stress

ex-pression of angiogenic and neurotrophic factors in the progenitor cell niche of adult monkey subventricular zone

Excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and DNA damage in relation to amino acid neurotransmission

Exacerbation of excitotoxic neuronal death induced during mitochondrial inhibition in vivo: Relation to energy imbalance or ATP depletion?

Evidence for a columnar organization of cones, Müller cells, and neurons in the retina of a cichlid fish

Estrogen-mediated neuroprotection in the cortex may require NMDA receptor activation

Estrogen limits ischemic cell death by modulating caspase-12-mediated apoptotic pathways following middle cerebral artery occlusion

Erythropoietin-mediated preservation of the white matter in rat spinal cord injury

Environmental factors and neurological disease

Environmental enrichment brings a beneficial effect on beam walking and enhances the migration of doublecortin-positive cells following striatal lesions in rats

Enhancement of oblique effect in the cat’s primary visual cortex via orientation preference shifting induced by excitatory feedback from higher-order cortical area Enriched environment enhances transplanted subventricular zone stem cell migration and functional recovery after stroke

Enhancement of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release by cyclic ADP-ribose in frog motor nerve terminals

Endoplasmic reticulum stress response in dendrites of cultured primary neurons

Endomorphin 1 activates nitric oxide synthase 2 activity and downregulates nitric oxide synthase 2 mRNA ex-pression

Endogenous insulin signaling protects cultured neurons from oxygen–glucose deprivation-induced cell death

Endocytic trafficking signals in KCNMB2 regulate surface ex-pression of a large conductance voltage and Ca2+-activated K+ channel

Embryonic motoneuron-skeletal muscle co-culture in a defined system

Embryonic and postnatal development of the serotonergic raphe system and its target regions in 5-HT1A receptor deletion or overexpressing mouse mutants

Electrophysiological properties of catecholaminergic neurons in the norepinephrine-deficient mouse

Ejaculation induced by i.c.v. injection of the preferential dopamine D3 receptor agonist 7-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino)tetralin in anesthetized rats

Effects of sex and APOE e4 on object recognition and spatial navigation in the elderly

Effects of restraint and haloperidol on sensory gating in the midbrain of awake rats

Effects of perceptual learning in visual backward masking on the responses of macaque inferior temporal neurons

Effects of chronic neonatal nicotine exposure on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding, cell death and morphology in hippocampus and cerebellum

Effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide-38 on sensory neuropeptide release and neurogenic inflammation in rats and mice

Effect of hypoxia on the morphology of mouse striatal neurons

Effect of µ and ? opioids on injury-induced microglial accumulation in leech CNS: Involvement of the nitric oxide pathway

Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like protein 4, a member of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein family, stabilizes microtubules

Early-onset subicular microvascular amyloid and neuroinflammation correlate with behavioral deficits in vasculotropic mutant amyloid ß-protein precursor transgenic mice

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Dopamine-dependent long term potentiation in the dorsal striatum is reduced in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington’s disease

Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation inhibits cold-initiated thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue in conscious rats

DNA single-strand break repair and spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy-1

DNA repair, mitochondria, and neurodegeneration

DNA repair in differentiated cells: Some new answers to old questions

DNA repair in aging rat neurons

DNA damage responses in neural cells: Focus on the telomere

Distribution of serotonin 5-HT2C receptors in the ventral tegmental area

Distinct regional and subcellular localization of adenylyl cyclases type 1 and 8 in mouse brain

Distinct ex-pression pattern of microtubule-associated protein/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 in differentiated neurons

Direction-selective adaptation in fly visual motion-sensitive neurons is generated by an intrinsic conductance-based mechanism

Direct visualization of glucocorticoid receptor positive cells in the hippocampal regions using green fluorescent protein transgenic mice

Differential regulation of the ex-pression of Period2 protein in the limbic forebrain and dorsomedial hypothalamus by daily limited access to highly palatable food in food-deprived and free-fed rats

Differential regulation of synaptic transmission by adrenergic agonists via protein kinase A and protein kinase C in layer V pyramidal neurons of rat cerebral cortex

Differential modulation by tetraethylammonium of the processes underlying network bursting in the neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro

Differential ex-pression patterns of chloride transporters, Na+-K+-2Cl--cotransporter and K+-Cl--cotransporter, in epilepsy-associated malformations of cortical development

Differential ex-pression of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors in human motoneurons at low and high risk of degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Different organization of base excision repair of uracil in DNA in nuclei and mitochondria and selective upregulation of mitochondrial uracil-DNA glycosylase after oxidative stress

Different mechanisms account for extracellular-signal regulated kinase activation in distinct brain regions following global ischemia and reperfusion

Differences in striatal spiny neuron action potentials between the spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rat strains

Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats display pronounced hyperglycemia and longer-lasting cognitive impairments following ischemia induced by cortical compression

Developmental regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors within midbrain dopamine neurons

Developmental profile of cholinergic and purinergic traits and receptors in peripheral chemoreflex pathway in cats

Developmental ex-pression of endogenous oscillations and waves in the auditory cortex involves calcium, gap junctions, and GABA

Developmental differences in neuromodulation and synaptic properties in the lamprey spinal cord

Developmental changes in odor-evoked activity in rat piriform cortex

Development of banded afferent compartments in the inferior colliculus before onset of hearing in ferrets

Developing master keys to brain pathology, cancer and aging from the structural biology of proteins controlling reactive oxygen species and DNA repair

Determination of key aspects of precursor cell proliferation, cell cycle length and kinetics in the adult mouse subgranular zone

Depolarization-induced, glutamate receptor?mediated, and transactivation-dependent extracellular-signal regulated kinase phosphorylation in cultured cerebellar granule neurons

Depletion of reduced glutathione enhances motor neuron degeneration in vitro and in vivo

Dendritic distributions of dopamine D1 receptors in the rat nucleus accumbens are synergistically affected by startle-evoking auditory stimulation and apomorphine

Deficits of glutamate transmission in the striatum of experimental hemiballism

Decreased heat tolerance is associated with hypothalamo?pituitary?adrenocortical axis impairment

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Culture conditions determine the prevalence of bipolar and monopolar neurons in cultures of dissociated spiral ganglion

Cortical edema in moderate fluid percussion brain injury is attenuated by vagus nerve stimulation

Corrigendum to “ectopic galanin ex-pression and normal galanin receptor 2 and galanin receptor 3 mRNA levels in the forebrain of galanin transgenic mice” [Neuroscience 133 (2005) 371–380]

Corrigendum to “an apolipoprotein e-based therapeutic improves outcome and reduces alzheimer’s disease pathology following closed head injury: Evidence of pharmacogenomic interaction”: [Neuroscience 144 (2007) 1324–1333]?

Correlative association between circadian ex-pression of mousePer2 gene and the proliferation of the neural stem cells

Coronary artery occlusion alters ex-pression of substance P and its mRNA in spinal dorsal horn in rats

Convulsions induced by methylmalonic acid are associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase inhibition in rats: A role for GABA in the seizures presented by methylmalonic acidemic patients?

Convergence of stress granules and protein aggregates in hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 at later reperfusion following global brain ischemia

Controllable versus uncontrollable stressors bi-directionally modulate conditioned but not innate fear

Connections of the caudal anterior cingulate cortex in rabbit: Neural circuitry participating in the acquisition of trace eyeblink conditioning

Computational prediction of the effects of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in human DNA repair genes

Cockayne syndrome exhibits dysregulation of p21 and other gene products that may be independent of transcription-coupled repair

Cocaine-mediated supersensitivity of 5-HT2A receptors in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus is a withdrawal-induced phenomenon

Cocaine preferentially enhances sensory processing in the upper layers of the primary sensory cortex

Cocaine increases endoplasmic reticulum stress protein ex-pression in striatal neurons

Class A plexin ex-pression in axotomized rubrospinal and facial motoneurons

Chronic use of marijuana decreases cannabinoid receptor binding and mRNA ex-pression in the human brain

Chronic membrane depolarization-induced morphological alteration of developing neurons

Chronic low dose ovine corticotropin releasing factor or urocortin II into the rostral dorsal raphe alters exploratory behavior and serotonergic gene ex-pression in specific subregions of the dorsal raphe

Chronic inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 induces dendritic hypertrophy and limited functional improvement following motor cortex stroke

Chronic cocaine treatment alters dendritic arborization in the adult motor cortex through a CB1 cannabinoid receptor–dependent mechanism

Characterization of the serotonin transporter knockout rat: A selective change in the functioning of the serotonergic system

Characterization of green fluorescent protein-expressing retinal cells in CD 44-transgenic mice

Characterization of acetylcholine release and the compensatory contribution of non-Cav2.1 channels at motor nerve terminals of leaner Cav2.1-mutant mice

Changes in Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity and its relation to performance in passive avoidance response and long-term potentiation formation in mice prenatally exposed to diethylstilbestrol

Changes in brain oxidative metabolism induced by water maze training

Changes in adrenoreceptors in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with dementia: Evidence of compensatory changes

Cerebellar cortical-layer-specific control of neuronal migration by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide

Cellular and subcellular distributions of ß1- and ß2-Adrenoceptors in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the rat hippocampus

Cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the paraventricular nucleus and central control of penile erection: Immunocytochemistry, autoradiography and behavioral studies

Calorie restriction in nonhuman primates: assessing effects on brain and behavioral aging

Callosal responses of fast-rhythmic-bursting neurons during slow oscillation in cats

Calcium-dependent NMDA-induced dendritic injury and MAP2 loss in acute hippocampal slices

Calcium/calmodulin kinase kinase ß has a male-specific role in memory formation

Calcium permeable AMPA receptors and autoreceptors in external tufted cells of rat olfactory bulb

Calcineurin (protein phosphatase 2B) is involved in the mechanisms of action of antidepressants

C57BL/6J mice exhibit reduced dopamine D3 receptor-mediated locomotor-inhibitory function relative to DBA/2J mice

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Both long and brief maternal separation produces persistent changes in tissue levels of brain monoamines in middle-aged female rats

Biomechanical and electromyogram characterization of neuroleptic-induced rigidity in the rat

Beta-amyloid disrupted synaptic vesicle endocytosis in cultured hippocampal neurons

Base excision repair and the central nervous system

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Augmentation of excitability in the hippocampus of juvenile rat

Auditory-visual processing represented in the human superior temporal gyrus

Astrocyte-derived estrogen enhances synapse formation and synaptic transmission between cultured neonatal rat cortical neurons

Aristaless-related homeobox gene, the gene responsible for West syndrome and related disorders, is a Groucho/transducin-like enhancer of split dependent transcriptional repressor

Are event-related potential components generated by phase resetting of brain oscillations? A critical discussion

Arachidonic acid potentiates acid-sensing ion channels in rat sensory neurons by a direct action

Antisense inhibition at the ß-secretase-site of ß-amyloid precursor protein reduces cerebral amyloid and acetyl cholinesterase activity in Tg2576

Anti-inflammatory property of the cannabinoid agonist WIN-55212-2 in a rodent model of chronic brain inflammation

Anti-glutamatergic effect of riluzole: Comparison with valproic acid

Anti-allodynic efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin A in a model of neuropathic pain

Anesthesia suppresses nonsynchronous responses to repetitive broadband stimuli

Analysis of 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptor gene ex-pression in rats showing differences in novelty-seeking behavior

An apolipoprotein E-based therapeutic improves outcome and reduces Alzheimer’s disease pathology following closed head injury: Evidence of pharmacogenomic interaction

An androgen-dependent sexual dimorphism visible at puberty in the rat hypothalamus

Amyloid-ß vaccination, but not nitro-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment, increases vascular amyloid and microhemorrhage while both reduce parenchymal amyloid

Amyloid ß inhibits ectodomain shedding of N-cadherin via down-regulation of cell-surface NMDA receptor

Aminoterminally truncated and oxidized amyloid-beta peptide species in Alzheimer’s disease

Alternatively spliced C-terminal domains regulate the surface ex-pression of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels

Alterations in dopamine D3 receptors in the circling (ci3) rat mutant

Alpha-lipoic acid differently affects the reserpine-induced oxidative stress in the striatum and prefrontal cortex of rat brain

Aging

Acute intermittent nicotine treatment induces fibroblast growth factor-2 in the subventricular zone of the adult rat brain and enhances neuronal precursor cell proliferation

About this Journal

Abnormal inspiratory depth in Phox2a haploinsufficient mice

a7 Nicotinic receptor gene delivery into mouse hippocampal neurons leads to functional receptor ex-pression, improved spatial memory-related performance, and tau hyperphosphorylation

A vital role for voltage-dependent potassium channels in dopamine transporter-mediated 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity

A subgroup of spinocerebellar ataxias defective in DNA damage responses

A rotenone-sensitive site and H2O2 are key components of hypoxia-sensing in neonatal rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells

A role for oxytocin and 5-HT1A receptors in the prosocial effects of 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”)

A prospero-related homeobox gene Prox-1 is expressed during postnatal brain development as well as in the adult rodent brain

A novel subpopulation of 5-HT type 3A receptor subunit immunoreactive interneurons in the rat basolateral amygdala

A novel splice site mutation in the Cockayne syndrome group A gene in two siblings with Cockayne syndrome

A novel role for Fyn: Change in sphere formation ability in murine embryonic stem cells

A neural cell adhesion molecule–derived peptide reduces neuropathological signs and cognitive impairment induced by Aß25-35

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5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors in the lateral parabrachial nucleus mediate opposite effects on sodium intake

5-HT acts on nociceptive primary afferents through an indirect mechanism to induce hyperalgesia in the subcutaneous tissue

5-HT activates vagal afferent cell bodies in vivo : Role of 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors

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